What Not To Do With A Hematoma From A Blood Draw

What is a hematoma?
What are the causes of hematoma?
What are the symptoms and signs of a hematoma?
When should I seek medical care for a hematoma?
How is a hematoma diagnosed?
What is the treatment for a hematoma?
Tin I intendance for a hematoma myself?
What is the medical treatment for a hematoma?
Should I follow-up with my doctor?
Can a hematoma be prevented?
What is the outlook after suffering a hematoma?

What is a hematoma?

Hematoma is by and large defined equally a collection of blood outside of claret vessels. Well-nigh commonly, hematomas are caused by an injury to the wall of a claret vessel, prompting claret to seep out of the blood vessel into the surrounding tissues. A hematoma can result from an injury to any type of blood vessel (artery, vein, or minor capillary). A hematoma commonly describes bleeding which has more than or less clotted, whereas a hemorrhage signifies agile, ongoing bleeding.

Hematoma is a very common problem encountered by many people at some time in their lives. Hematomas can be seen under the pare or nails every bit purplish bruises of different sizes. Skin bruises tin also be called contusions. Hematomas tin can also happen deep inside the body where they may not be visible. Hematomas may sometimes form a mass or lump that can be felt. Sometimes hematomas are named based on their location. Some examples include:

Subdural hematoma: a hematoma betwixt the brain tissue and the inside lining of the brain
Spinal epidural hematoma: a hematoma between spinal vertebrae and the outside lining of the spinal cord
Intracranial epidural hematoma: a hematoma between the skull and the outside lining of the brain
Subungual hematoma: a hematoma under the blast
Intra-abdominal, peritoneal, or retroperitoneal hematoma: a hematoma inside the abdominal cavity
Ear or audible hematoma: a hematoma between the ear cartilage and overlying skin
Splenic hematoma: a hematoma inside the spleen
Hepatic hematoma: a hematoma inside the liver

Most hematomas resolve spontaneously over time equally the blood debris is removed and the blood vessel wall is repaired by the body'south repair mechanisms. Other times, surgically removing or evacuating the blood in a hematoma becomes necessary based on its symptoms or location.

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What are the causes of hematoma?

The nearly mutual cause of a hematoma is injury or trauma to claret vessels. This can happen as a result of any damage to blood vessels that can disrupt the integrity of the blood vessel wall. Even minimal impairment to a minor blood vessel can result in a hematoma. For example, a hematoma under a nail (subungual hematoma) tin simply occur from pocket-size trauma to the smash or from a lite stroke confronting an object.

More astringent traumas can crusade more than major hematomas. Falling from a acme or getting into a motor vehicle accident can cause noticeably large bleeding nether the skin or inside body cavities (breast or abdomen).

Other types of tissue injury causing a hematoma can result from surgeries of whatsoever sort, invasive medical or dental procedures (for example, biopsies, incision and drainage, cardiac catheterization), and injection of medications (for instance, insulin, blood thinners, vaccines). Considering these procedures damage nearby tissues and blood vessels, oftentimes hematomas may course around the site of the procedure.

Occasionally, a hematoma may happen spontaneously without any identifiable crusade or recollection of whatsoever specific injury or trauma.

Sure blood thinner medications can increase the take a chance of hematoma formation. People who take medications such as Coumadin (warfarin), Plavix (clopidogrel), aspirin, Persantine (dipyridamole)), or aspirin-containing products (like Alka Seltzer) may develop a hematoma much easier and with less severe injury to their claret vessels than other people. These medications impair the clotting ability of the blood and therefore, small-scale harm to a blood vessel becomes more than difficult to repair, resulting in hematoma formation.

Other common medications and supplements that may increase bleeding tendencies include:

vitamin E,
nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs or NSAIDs such every bit ibuprofen (Motrin, Advil, Aleve),
garlic supplements, and
Ginkgo biloba.

In summary, a list of medications causing excess bleeding include:

warfarin (Coumadin),
clopidogrel (Plavix),
aspirin,
aspirin-containing products (Alka Seltzer),
dipyridamole (Persantine),
vitamin E,
NSAIDs, for example, ibuprofen, Motrin, Advil, Aleve,
garlic supplements, and
Ginkgo biloba.

There are also certain medical conditions that may pose an additional take a chance for developing hematomas. Individuals with the following conditions are potentially at a higher hazard for hematomas:

chronic (long standing) liver illness,
excessive alcohol utilize,
bleeding disorders (such as hemophilia and Von Willebrand disease),
blood cancers, or
low platelet count (thrombocytopenia).

What are the symptoms and signs of a hematoma?

Symptoms of a hematoma generally depend on its size and location. Hurting, swelling, redness, and disfiguring bruises are common symptoms of hematoma in general. Some symptoms specific to the location of a hematoma are:

Subdural hematoma symptoms: headache, neurologic bug (weakness on i side, difficulty speaking, falling), confusion, seizures
Epidural hematoma symptoms: back pain, weakness, loss of bowel or bladder command
Subungual hematoma symptoms: nail hurting, nail weakness, nail loss, disfiguring nail
Splenic, hepatic, or peritoneal hematoma symptoms: abdominal hurting, flank pain

Sometimes in that location are not whatever symptoms at all associated with even a very large hematoma. For example, if bleeding happens to be within the abdominal cavity, it tin expand into a very large size before it causes any symptoms. This can happen because the hematoma can spread in a relatively gratuitous space without pressing on any organs to crusade pain or other symptoms.

On the other hand, a small hematoma under the smash can present with a lot of hurting considering the blood expands into a very tight space under the blast bed and causes inflammation and irritation of the nearby nail and skin, resulting in pain and swelling.

Depending on the location of the hematoma, a mass or lump tin can sometimes be felt.

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When should I seek medical intendance for a hematoma?

Medical attention may be sought for a hematoma if its symptoms are astringent or its size continues to expand. For case, hematoma in the brain (subdural) or epidural hematoma generally require prompt medical and surgical attending, especially if they are associated with neurologic problems.

Doctors who typically care for patients with hematoma are emergency room physicians, urgent intendance physicians, surgeons, neurosurgeons, and internal medicine doctors.

How is a hematoma diagnosed?

Examination of a hematoma includes physical inspection along with a comprehensive medical history. In general, there are no special blood tests for the evaluation of a hematoma. However, depending on the state of affairs, tests including consummate blood count (CBC), coagulation panel, chemical science and metabolic console, and liver tests may be useful in evaluating a person with a hematoma and to assess any underlying conditions and evaluate whether these are responsible for the hematoma formation.

Imaging studies are often needed to diagnose hematomas inside the trunk.

Computerized tomography (CT) of the head tin can reliably diagnose subdural hematoma.
CT of the abdomen is a expert test if a hematoma in the abdominal cavity (intra-intestinal, hepatic, splenic, retroperitoneal, peritoneal) is suspected.
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is more reliable in detecting epidural hematomas than a CT scan.

What is the handling for a hematoma?

Handling of hematoma depends on the location, symptoms, and the clinical situation. Some may crave no handling at all while others may exist deemed a medical emergency.

Can I care for a hematoma myself?

Simple therapies at habitation may be utilized in treating superficial (under the pare) hematomas. Most injuries and bruises can be treated with resting, icing, compression, and elevating the area. This is remembered by the acronym RICE. These measures usually help to reduce inflammation and diminish its symptoms.

Rest
Ice (Apply the water ice or cold pack for twenty minutes at a time, four to 8 times a day.)
Compress (Compression can be achieved by using elastic bandages.)
Elevate (Elevation of the injured area above the level of the heart is recommended.)

When using ice packs, apply the water ice or cold pack for twenty minutes at a time, 4 to 8 times a day. Pinch tin can be accomplished by using elastic bandages, and elevation of the injured expanse in a higher place the level of the middle is recommended.

What is the medical treatment for a hematoma?

For certain small and symptom-gratuitous hematomas no medical treatment may be necessary. On the other paw, symptomatic hematomas or those located in certain locations sometimes require medical or surgical handling.

Even though no specific mediation is available for the treatment of hematomas, management of whatsoever related symptoms can be accomplished by medications. For instance, hurting from a hematoma can be treated with pain medications such equally acetaminophen (Tylenol).

Surgical drainage is a mutual method of treatment for sure hematomas. Presence of symptoms and location of the hematoma generally dictate what type of process is needed and how urgently information technology needs to be done. For example, a subdural hematoma resulting in symptoms such as headache, weakness, or confusion may crave urgent drainage past a neurosurgeon. Conversely, if a subdural hematoma is thought to be symptom-costless and chronic, information technology may exist left alone and monitored occasionally by imaging studies (CT browse).

Furthermore, a subungual hematoma with severe discomfort can exist tuckered through the blast to allow the claret to bleed from the space betwixt the nail and the underlying tissue. Big subungual hematomas that are left in place can sometimes compromise the nail and outcome in the nail dying and falling out. Draining such hematomas tin salvage the overlying nail.

If any underlying cause or contributing factor exists that predisposes to bleeding, its correction or handling may likewise be a necessary step in treating hematomas. For example, if a person with a hematoma is on a blood thinner medication for some other status, the treating doctor may opt to discontinue or even reverse the blood thinner, depending on the individual situation.

Should I follow-up with my doctor?

Location, symptoms, and size of a hematoma are the typical factors that determine its proper follow-up. For example a small, symptom-complimentary (asymptomatic) subdural hematoma may merely require echo CT scans of the head every few months for follow-up. On the other hand, a large leg hematoma that had been opened and drained may exist observed within a few days to ensure expected improvement.

Can a hematoma be prevented?

Prevention of all hematomas is not entirely possible. However, prevention of hematomas in certain contexts deserves special attention.

In people, particularly the elderly, who accept blood thinners or anti-platelet medications (aspirin or clopidogrel), falls are a mutual cause of trauma and hematoma formation. Falls can cause hematomas in the legs, chest, or brain, and may, at times, result in significant illness or decease. Therefore, measures to prevent falls in this population potentially lower the frequency of hematomas as well.

Children are also at risk to develop hematomas oftentimes due to falls and minor injuries. In particular, younger children are more prone to bumping their caput, causing a pocket-size egg-shaped swelling in the expanse of injury. Therefore, child-proofing the home and article of furniture may help in decreasing hematomas in children.

Hematoma that results from trauma due to heavy physical work or contact sports is less preventable unless such activities are stopped or modified to reduce the take chances of trauma and injury.

What is the outlook later suffering from a hematoma?

In general, the outlook for hematoma is favorable, and about times they do non lead to serious illness or inability. The location of a hematoma plays a office in its prognosis.

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References

Reviewed by:
Tova Alladice, 1000.D.
American Board of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation

Source: https://www.rxlist.com/hematoma/drugs-condition.htm

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